Monday, September 28, 2015

The Chips Are Down

By now, most consumers who use credit cards have found that replacements for their old plastic have arrived with embedded chips in them. And most merchants have been receiving a barrage of calls for months from processing companies trying to convert them using the need for new chip-enhanced terminals as a selling point. A recent article in the NY Times highlighted the issue. This is a real thing that merchants and consumers alike need to pay attention to as the United States catches up to most of the rest of the world regarding the security of credit and debit payment systems.

Why This Is Important

Fraud protection is one of the main reasons that the chip is an important addition to the credit card. Stripes contain easily duplicated magnetically encoded information about the card and the card holder. For this reason, it has been very easy for criminals to steal this information using a small swiping mechanism and subject consumers to identity theft. These tiny devices have been embedded in the payment terminals built into gas station pumps, or used by waiters or waitresses at restaurants who take the card in order to swipe it in a payment station out of view. There are plenty of ways that the information can be stolen off of a magnetic stripe. But not so easily from a chip.

The main reason is that the chip is actually a small computer with encoded data that must communicate with a distant server in order to authorize the charge or debit. It does this by changing its code every time it is used. This may sound complicated, and it may take a second or two longer than swiping a magnetic stripe does, but it offers a nearly impossible to steal or duplicate transaction process. This is why card brands adopted the chip years ago virtually everywhere else. The USA is always a bit slow to catch up on this sort of technology due to the heavy regulations in place for all things financial and the reticence of major companies to engage in huge spending upgrades any earlier than they have to. But the benefits are going to be huge with regard to identity theft.

What This Means To Merchants

The basic thing that merchants need to be aware of is that they will now be responsible for identity theft issues that come from using duplicated magnetic stripes. If a cardholder provides a striped card, the merchant must verify the cardholder's identity or risk being liable for the transaction. This should be standard protocol anyway, but the processing companies are offering cheap or free upgrades to chip-enabled terminals to specifically avoid the costs associated with identity theft and they are going to be very serious about ensuring that merchants use this new tool. On the flip side, the protections involved with chip-based transactions should be higher than the old ones were with the stripe-based transactions.

Tuesday, September 22, 2015

Here is a useful guide to the essentially current Interchange Rates for those of you looking to assess actual hard costs of processing. Keep in mind that the rates do fluctuate several times per year, and that these are the hard costs from the card brands themselves, not including the costs of processing as added by the actual processor or bank you are doing business with (either in the form of markup percentages, fees or a combination of some sort).


For a complete list of US interchange rates, please visit the Visa and MasterCard websites below:
http://usa.visa.com/download/merchants/Visa-USA-Interchange-Reimbursement-Fees-2015-April-18.pdf

http://www.mastercard.com/us/merchant/pdf/MasterCard_Interchange_Rates_and_Criteria.pdf


Current Interchange Rates in the United States


Visa Debit MasterCard Debit
Debit Retail Swipe


Debit Retail Swipe


Visa Debit CPS 0.800 % + 15¢ MC Debit 1.050 % + 15¢
Visa Debit CPS Regulated 0.050 % + 22¢ MC Debit Regulated 0.050 % + 22¢
Visa Debit Prepaid 1.150 % + 15¢ MC Debit Prepaid 1.050 % + 15¢
Visa Debit Business 1.650 % + 15¢
Visa Debit Business Regulated 0.050 % + 22¢


Debit Keyed

Debit Keyed
Visa Debit Keyed CPS 1.650 % + 15¢ MC Debit Keyed 1.600 % + 15¢
Visa Debit Keyed CPS Regulated 0.050 % + 22¢ MC Debit Keyed Regulated 0.050 % + 22¢
Visa Debit Keyed Prepaid 1.750 % + 20¢ MC Debit Keyed Prepaid 1.760 % + 20¢
Visa Debit Keyed Business 2.450 % + 10¢
Visa Debit Keyed Business Regulated 0.050 % + 22¢






Visa Credit Retail Swipe
MasterCard Credit Retail Swipe

Visa CPS Retail 1.510 % + 10¢ MC Consumer 1.580 % + 10¢
Visa Rewards Traditional 1.650 % + 10¢ MC Enhanced 1.730 % + 10¢
Visa Rewards Signature 2.300 % + 10¢ MC World 1.770 % + 10¢
Visa Rewards Signature Preferred 2.100 % + 10¢ MC World Elite 2.300 % + 10¢
Visa Corporate 2.100 % + 10¢ MC Corporate 1.900 % + 10¢
Visa Business 2.200 % + 10¢
Visa Purchasing 2.400 % + 10¢


Visa Keyed


MasterCard Keyed
Visa Keyed CPS Retail 1.800 % + 10¢ MC Keyed Consumer 1.890 % + 10¢
Visa Keyed Rewards Traditional 1.950 % + 10¢ MC Keyed Enhanced 2.040 % + 10¢
Visa Keyed Rewards Signature 2.700 % + 10¢ MC Keyed World 2.050 % + 10¢
Visa Keyed Rewards Signature Preferred 2.300 % + 10¢ MC Keyed World Elite 2.950 % + 10¢
Visa Keyed Corporate 2.950 % + 10¢ MC Keyed Corporate 2.650 % + 10¢
Visa Keyed Business 2.950 % + 20¢
Visa Keyed Purchasing 2.950 % + 10¢
Real Estate & Property Management
MC Real Estate Consumer 1.100 %
MC Real Estate Enhanced 1.100 %
MC Real Estate World 1.100 %
MC Real Estate World Elite 2.200 %
MC Real Estate Corporate 2.650 % + 10¢
Charities
MC Charity Debit (non-regulated) 1.450 % + 15¢
MC Charity Credit 2.000 % + 10¢
International International
Visa International 1.100 % MC International 1.100 %
Visa International Premium 1.100 % MC International Keyed 1.600 %
Visa International Corporate 2.000 %
Visa International Keyed 1.600 %

Association Fees

Association Fees

Visa Card-Brand 0.1300 % MC Card-Brand (Under $1000) 0.1100 %
Visa NAPF (Network Acquirer Processing Fee) 1.95¢ MC Card-Brand (Over $1000) 0.1300 %
Visa Clearing Access 0.25¢ MC ALF (Acquirer License Fee) 0.0045 %
MC NABU (Network Brand Usage Fee) 0.185¢
MC Account Status Inquiry (on $0 auth) 2.500¢
Visa International Cross-Border 0.8000 % MC CVC 2 Authorization Fee 0.250¢
Visa Intl Acquirer Service Fee 0.4500 % MC AVS Authorization Fee 1.000¢
Visa FANF (Fixed Acquirer Network Fee) MasterCard Intl Cross-Border Support 0.4000 %
Visa FANF - Card-Present Per Location $2/mth MasterCard International Cross-Border 0.8500 %
Visa FANF - Keyed Volume $1,000 - $3,999 $7/mth
Visa FANF - Keyed Volume $4,000 - $7,999 $9/mth
Visa FANF - Keyed Volume $8,000 - $39,999 $15/mth
Visa FANF - Keyed Volume $40,000 - $199,999 $45/mth